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A mediated reference theorycite-ref-1[1] (also indirect reference theory)cite-ref-berezowski-2-0[2] is any semantic theory that posits that words refer to something in the external world, but insists that there is more to the meaning of a name than simply the object to which it refers. It thus stands opposed to direct reference theory. Gottlob Frege is a well-known advocate of mediated reference theories.cite-ref-berezowski-2-1[2]cite-ref-3[3] Similar theories were widely held in the middle of the twentieth century by philosophers such as Peter Strawson and John Searle.

Saul Kripke, a proponent of direct reference theory, in his Naming and Necessity dubbed mediated reference theory the Frege–Russell view and criticized it.cite-ref-4[4] Subsequent scholarship refuted the claim that Bertrand Russell's views on reference theory were the same as Frege's, since Russell was also a proponent of direct reference theory.cite-ref-5[5]

• See also

• References

• External links

• Sense and reference

• Descriptivist theory of names

cite-note-11. ↑ Siobhan Chapman (ed.), Key Ideas in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language, Edinburgh University Press, 2009, p. 202.

cite-note-berezowski-22. ↑ Leszek Berezowski, Articles and Proper Names, University of Wrocław, 2001, p. 67.

cite-note-33. ↑ G. W. Fitch, Naming and Believing, Springer, 2012, p. 1.

cite-note-44. ↑ Saul Kripke, Naming and Necessity. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1972. p. 27.

cite-note-55. ↑ Howard Wettstein, "Frege-Russell Semantics?", Dialectica 44(1/2), 1990, pp. 113–135, esp. 115: "Russell maintains that when one is acquainted with something, say, a present sense datum or oneself, one can refer to it without the mediation of anything like a Fregean sense. One can refer to it, as we might say, directly."

• Theories of Meaning (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)